Musi waChivabvu 10, 2019, VaTrump Administration vakawedzera zviri pamutemo mutero wegumi muzana Section 301 pamadhora mazana maviri emabhiriyoni ekunze kubva kuChina kusvika pamakumi maviri neshanu muzana.Pakutanga svondo, kuburikidza netitter yake, Mutungamiri Trump akatyisidzira zvakare kukwidza mutero wechirango pane zvese zvinotengeswa kubva kuChina, zvinosanganisira zvipfeko nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvevatengi.Hondo iri kuwedzera yeUS-China yemutero yakwezva kutarisisa kutsva kune maonero eChina senzvimbo yekutsvagisa zvipfeko.Izvo zvakare zvinonyanya kunetsa kuti mitero yekuranga ichatungamira mukukwira kwemitengo mumusika weUS, zvichikuvadza vese vatengesi vefashoni nevatengi.
Nekushandisa EDITED, hombe-data chishandiso cheindasitiri yemafashoni, chinyorwa ichi chinoda kuongorora kuti vatengesi vembatya vekuUS vari kugadzirisa sei nzira yavo yekutsvaga "Made in China" mukupindura kuhondo yemitero.Kunyanya, zvichibva pakuongorora kwakadzama kweiyo chaiyo-nguva mitengo, inventory uye zvigadzirwa assortment ruzivo rwevanopfuura zviuru makumi mapfumbamwe, 000 vatengesi vefashoni uye 300,000,000 yavo yekupfeka zvinhu pachikamu chekuchengeta-uniti (SKU) nhanho, chinyorwa ichi chinopa mamwe manzwisisiro ekuti chii chiri. zvichiitika mumusika wekutengesa weUS kupfuura izvo macro-level kutengeserana manhamba kazhinji anogona kutiudza.
Zvikamu zvitatu zvinozivikanwa:
Chekutanga, mafashoni emhando dzeUS uye vatengesi vari kutsvaga zvishoma kubva kuChina, kunyanya muhuwandu.Chaizvoizvo, kubva iyo Trump Administration yakatanga iyo Chikamu 301 kuferefeta pamusoro peChina muna Nyamavhuvhu 2017, vatengesi vembatya vekuUS vaive vatanga kusanganisa zvishoma "Made in China" mune yavo nyowani zvigadzirwa.Zvikuru, huwandu hwe "Made in China" zvipfeko zveSKU zvichangobva kutangwa kumusika zvakadzika zvakanyanya kubva pa26,758 SKUs mukota yekutanga ye2018 kusvika chete 8,352 SKUs mukota yekutanga ye2019 (Mufananidzo uri pamusoro).Munguva imwecheteyo, vatengesi vezvipfeko zveUS zvitsva zvinopihwa izvo zvakatorwa kubva kune mamwe matunhu epasi zvinogara zvakagadzikana.
Zvakangodaro, zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekutengesa-macro-level, China inoramba iri imwe chete-yakakura mutengesi wembatya kumusika wekutengesa weUS.Semuyenzaniso, kune aya maSKU ekupfeka achangotangwa kumusika wekutengesa wekuUS pakati paNdira 2016 naKubvumbi 2019 (idzo data ichangoburwa iripo), maSKU ese e "Made in Vietnam" aingova chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu che "Made in China," zvichikurudzira. Kugadzirwa kweChina kusingaenzaniswi uye kugona kunze kwenyika (kureva, kuwanda kwezvigadzirwa zvinogona kugadzirwa neChina).
Chechipiri, zvipfeko "Zvakagadzirwa muChina" zviri kuwedzera kudhura mumusika wekutengesa weUS, asi zvichiramba zvichikwikwidza mutengo.Kunyangwe iyo Trump Administration's Section 301 chiito chisina kunanga zvigadzirwa zvembatya zvakananga, mutengo wepakati wekutengesa wembatya dzakatorwa kubva kuChina mumusika weUS wakaramba uchikwira zvishoma kubva chikamu chechipiri che2018. Kunyanya, avhareji mutengo wembatya "Made muChina" yakawedzera zvakanyanya kubva ku $ 25.7 pachikamu chechipiri che2018 kusvika ku $ 69.5 per unit muna April 2019. Zvisinei, chigumisiro chinoratidzawo kuti mutengo wekutengesa we "Made in China" nguo wakanga uchiri wakaderera pane zvigadzirwa zvakatorwa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo. zvenyika.Zvikuru, zvipfeko "Zvakagadzirwa muVietnam" zviri kuwedzera kudhura mumusika wekutengesa weUS - chiratidzo chekuti sezvo kugadzirwa kwakawanda kuri kufamba kubva kuChina kuenda kuVietnam, vagadziri vembatya nevatengesi vekunze muVietnam vari kutarisana nekuwedzera kwemitengo.Kana tichienzanisa, panguva imwecheteyo, shanduko yemutengo ye "Made in Cambodia," uye "Made in Bangladesh" yakaramba yakagadzikana.
Chechitatu, vatengesi vefashoni vekuUS vari kushandura izvo zvipfeko zvavanotora kubva kuChina.Sezvinoratidzwa patafura inotevera, vatengesi vembatya vekuUS vanga vachitsvaga zvinhu zvishoma zvakaderera-zvakawedzerwa zvakakosha zvefashoni (senge matop, uye zvipfeko zvemukati), asi zvakatonyanya uye zvepamusoro-soro-yepamusoro-yezvipfeko zvikamu (senge madhirezi uye zvipfeko zvekunze) kubva kuChina kubvira. 2018. Mhedzisiro iyi inoratidzawo kuenderera mberi kwekuedza kweChina mumakore achangopfuura kusimudzira chikamu chayo chekugadzira zvipfeko uye kudzivirira kungokwikwidza pamutengo.Kuchinja kwechigadzirwa chimiro kunogona zvakare kuve chinhu chakakonzera kukwira kweavhareji mutengo wekutengesa we "Made in China" mumusika weUS.
Kune rimwe divi, vatengesi veUS vanotora yakasarudzika chigadzirwa assortment zano rezvipfeko zvakatorwa kubva kuChina zvichipesana nemamwe matunhu epasi.Mumumvuri wehondo yekutengeserana, vatengesi vekuUS vanogona kukurumidza kufambisa maodha kubva kuChina kuenda kune vamwe vatengesi vezvinhu zvemafashoni zvekutanga, senge matop, bottoms, uye underwear.Nekudaro, zvinoita sekunge kune mashoma mashoma ekutsvagisa mamwe emhando dzemhando dzezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, senge accessories uye zvipfeko zvekunze.Neimwe nzira, zvinokatyamadza, kuenda kunotsvaga zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye zvepamusoro-zvakawedzerwa kubva kuChina zvinogona kuita mabhureki emafashoni eUS uye vatengesi ZVINHU ZVIMWE panjodzi yehondo yemitero nekuti kune vashoma dzimwe nzvimbo dzekutsvagira.
Mukupedzisa, mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti China icharamba iri yakakosha yekutsvagisa nzvimbo yeUS fashoni mhando nevatengesi munguva pfupi iri kutevera, zvisinei nemamiriro ehondo yemitero yeUS-China.Zvichakadaro, tinofanira kutarisira kuti makambani efashoni eUS arambe achigadzirisa nzira yavo yekutsvaga zvipfeko "Made in China" mukupindura kukwira kwehondo yemitero.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-14-2022